Gone are the days when you had to keep mum and live the life having the body structure you are gifted with! With the help of ultra modern technologies, we can now change lives and manipulate the things that were difficult even to repair once upon a time. The plastic surgery is the flagship invention of the medical science that changed the entire aspect of human anatomy. Thanks to the scientists who bent over backwards discovering latest techniques that offer skin grafting to the mankind, which can make ugly part again beautiful.
Unveiling the curtains of secrets, the plastic surgery is not exactly the latest invention. The history goes as bask as in 700 BC. Surgeons like Shushruta in ancient Indian Territory were using ‘skin grafting’ as reconstructive technique. The report that was published in ‘Gentleman’s Magazine’ (1794) narrates that the knowledge of plastic surgery existed in India up to 18th century end. Many ancient texts of Ayurveda (ancient Indian medicinal science) describes that Sushruta had succeeded doing rhinoplasty and otoplasty and then on, he has been considered as ‘the father of the surgery’.
The plastic surgery covers innumerable techniques and procedures and cannot be considered as a single and simple technique. Some of the techniques that plastic surgery involves are incision, excision, electrosurgery, chemosurgery and liposuction. Microsurgery, dermabrasion, laser therapy, endermologie etc are also the techniques that can effectively treat various conditions.
Plastic surgery can be performed on particular organ and depending upon that, the terminology differs from each other. For instance, when plastic surgery performed on the abdomen to remove excess fats and to tighten muscles to make abdomen flatten will be called as abdominoplasty (‘tummy tuck’ in general). When the ear is repaired or reshaped, it is called as otoplasty. When the facial muscles are toned up and fats are removed from the face, it is called as facelift. In many cases, the fullness is added to the sunken skin; this is called as collagen fat injections. When a tube is used and the fatty layers are sucked with vacuum, it is called as liposuction. Furthermore, to remove scars and fine wrinkles, a high-speed rotary wheel is used to scrap the skin; this procedure is known as dermabrasion. Depending upon the procedure, the plastic surgery has its own fundamentals.
The body heals itself but when the large portion of the skin is damaged, injured or removed accidently, the body takes time to heal. Moreover, if the affected area is unfortunately the part of the body that is exposed socially (such as face), it becomes difficult to hide the portion and hence, there, cosmetic surgery or plastic surgery plays important role and gifts a newer skin. The body has tendency to reject any foreign material and therefore, the skin grafting is done taking the portion of skin from one’s own body. Generally the portion that is removed from the body is the part that is private and not exposed much (for instance inner thighs). The skin is taken and then it is pasted over the damaged area. This will make body feel comfortable and the portion is not rejected since it is autonomous tissue.
In any cosmetic or plastic surgery, the skin cells are either burnt (if they are damaged and non-repairable) or they are healed, if possible. Cosmetic surgeries like laser has high power and burning capacity that can target a particular cell without affecting surrounding structure a much. In plastic surgery like breast augmentation or enlargement, saline-filled implants are used that can be inflated to increase the size of the breasts giving it fuller and firmer look.
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